Wednesday, October 29, 2008

Ten Holiday Survival Tips

Ten Holiday Survival Tips

The holidays can be a stressful time for nearly anyone. But for those with chronic illness, the schedule, social demands, and additional things to do can simply be impossible. People with multiple sclerosis, multiple chemical sensitivity, chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and other invisible illnesses appear normal, but have a disability which makes day-to-day living difficult. The increased demands of the holidays can easily become overwhelming and frustrating, especially when family and friends do not understand the extent of an invisible disability. Here are ten tips to surviving and enjoying the holidays.

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg27.pdf

Disability and Social Stigma

Disability and Social Stigma

An estimated 15 – 20% of the population suffers from one or more disabilities.  A few of these disabilities are 'visible disabilities'.  A visible disability is one that apparent to a causal observer, such as the use of a wheelchair. 
 
PDF Version:
   
http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg242526.pdf

Diagnosing Contested and Emerging illnesses

Diagnosing Contested and Emerging illnesses

Science is a slow process, particularly when it comes to diagnosing emerging illnesses.  To a great extent, patient suffering occurs in the absence of medical and scientific consensus on the cause of an illness. 

PDF Version:   
http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg20212223.pdf

Pharmaceutical Deception

Pharmaceutical Deception
 
Most of us believe that prescription drugs are tested for safety.  And we believe that theses tests are reviewed and drugs which are not safe are not prescribed.  Yet, according to a recent review of over 900 clinical drug trials, most failed clinical trials are never published

PDF Version:   
http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg19.pdf  

Fibromyalgia: Suddenly You're 80 Years Old

Fibromyalgia: Suddenly You're 80 Years Old!

An average woman in her 80's has more functional capacity than much younger women with fibromyalgia. 

PDF Version:   
http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg18.pdf

Fragrance Impairs Brain Function

Fragrance Impairs Brain Function

Something stinks!  The fragrance industry has been marketing scents pumped into the air handling systems of hotels, offices, and businesses with the claim that certain smells improve branding, keep customers in stores longer so they buy more, and increase worker productivity.
 
PDF Version:    http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg17.pdf
 

Quick Environmental Exposure and Assessment Inventory

Quick Environmental Exposure and Assessment Inventory

The Quick Environment Exposure Sensitivity Inventory (QEESI) is a standardized questionnaire developed by Dr. Claudia Miller that assists researchers and clinicians when evaluating patients for chemical sensitivity.  It measures exposure levels and symptom severity and estimates the life impact of a chemical injury. 
 

Study Says MCS is Related to Chemicals, not Psychology

Study Says MCS is Related to Chemicals, not Psychology

The studies promoting a psychological basis for MCS were found to be grossly misleading due to numerous methodological flaws and shortcomings.  They determined that MCS is more closely linked to exposure to chemicals than to disorders such as anxiety, somatoform disorders, and depression.  

Read Article:    http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg121314.pdf
 

Hiring an MCS Safe Contractor

Hiring an MCS Safe Contractor

The struggle for safe housing is the single most important battle that people with MCS have to deal with. It is often the main requirement for the return to functional health and, as such, will take priority over many other issues within the life of someone with MCS. The ability to engage, work with, and enjoy the fruits of safe work carried on within your home occurs through a process of finding, hiring and working with MCS safe contractors. This article will attempt to help you through this process.

Read Article:  http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg1011.pdf

Fibromyalgia Diagnosis and Treatment - Part 1

Fibromyalgia Diagnosis and Treatment - Part 1

FM is a disease process characterized by chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain, non-restorative sleep, fatigue, headache, morning stiffness, poor memory, difficulty concentrating, paresthesias (numbness and tingling) and overall impaired functioning in both social and occupational settings.[1,3,15,16] The severity of the pain is typically more constant than other forms of pain and may come and go rapidly, move around to various parts of the body, and worsen with touch.  For example, some fibromyalgia patients find their own clothing against their skin painful, particularly if it is tight clothing.[1] 

Read Article:  http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg456789.pdf

Oregon Appellate Court Rules MCS Testimony Admissible

Oregon Appellate Court Rules MCS Testimony Admissible
In an unprecedented October 1, 2008 decision, the Oregon Court of Appeals ruled scientific expert testimony on multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) may not be excluded from testimony simply because the condition is thought to be controversial.  "It is the role of a jury, not a judge acting pretrial, to determine where the truth lies," the court stated, "We trust juries to be able to find the truth in the classic battle of the experts."
 

Tuesday, October 28, 2008

Clinical applications of urinary organic acids. Part I: Detoxification markers.

Altern Med Rev. 2008 Sep;13(3):205-215.Click here to read Links

Clinical applications of urinary organic acids. Part I: Detoxification markers.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18950247?dopt=AbstractPlus

Chief Science Officer, Metametrix Institute; clinical biochemistry consultant, researcher, co-editor, author, Laboratory Evaluations for Integrative and Functional Medicine. Correspondence address: Metametrix Institute, 3425 Corporate Way, Duluth, GA E-mail: rslord@metametrix.com.

Modern instrumentation allows the measurement of organic acids in urine in their physiological concentration ranges. Eight of the compounds that are reported can serve as markers for specific toxicant exposure or detoxification challenges. Xylene exposure causes elevation of 2-methylhippurate, and orotic acid elevation reveals ammonia challenge that exceeds the capacity of the urea cycle. General hepatic detoxification stimulation by natural compounds, drugs, or xenobiotic compounds causes elevated levels of glucaric acid. Abnormalities of alpha-hydroxybutyrate, pyroglutamate, and sulfate can indicate up-regulated glutathione biosynthesis, impaired reformation of glutathione in the gamma-glutamyl cycle, and depleted total body glutathione status, respectively. Patterns of these compounds measured in a simple overnight urine specimen help to identify focal areas of clinical concern and monitor patient responses to detoxification interventions.

PMID: 18950247 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

NEWSLETTER: MCS America News - November 2008



MCSA NEWS
October 2008, Volume 3, Issue 11

Entire PDF Edition: http://mcs-america.org/november2008.pdf (View, Download, and Print)
NEW! Entire Online Edition:
http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm (View as a Webpage)

Direct Links to Articles Inside This Issue:


Oregon Appellate Court Rules MCS Testimony Admissible

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg123.pdf

Online Version: http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm#_Oregon_Appellate_Court


Fibromyalgia Diagnosis and Treatment - Part 1

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg456789.pdf

Online Version: http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm#_Fibromyalgia_Diagnosis_and


Hiring an MCS Safe Contractor

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg1011.pdf

Online Version: http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm#_Hiring_an_MCS


Study Says MCS is Related to Chemicals, not Psychology

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg121314.pdf

Online Version: http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm#_Study_Says_MCS


Quick Environmental Exposure and Assessment Inventory

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg1516.pdf

Online Version: http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm#_Quick_Environmental_Exposure


Fragrance Impairs Brain Function

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg17.pdf

Online Version: http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm#_Fragrance_Impairs_Brain


Fibromyalgia: Suddenly You're 80 Years Old!

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg18.pdf

Online Version: http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm#_Fibromyalgia


Pharmaceutical Deception

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg19.pdf

Online Version: http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm#_Pharmaceutical_Deception


Diagnosing Contested and Emerging illnesses

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg20212223.pdf

Online Version: http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm#_Diagnosing_Contested_and


Disability and Social Stigma

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg242526.pdf

Online Version: http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm#_Disability_and_Social


Ten Holiday Survival Tips

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg27.pdf

Online Version: http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm#_Ten_Holiday_Survival


Patient Support and Resources

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg2829303132333435.pdf

Online Version: http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm#_Patient_Support


MCS Community News

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg36.pdf

Online Version: http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm#_MCS_Community_News_


Featured Research Studies

PDF Version: http://mcs-america.org/November2008pg373839.pdf

Online Version: http://mcs-america.org/mcsanewsnovember2008.htm#_Featured_Research_Studies

Multiple Chemical Sensitivities America
http://www.mcs-america.org

admin@mcs-america.org

Copyrighted © 2008 MCS America

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Md. hospitals, care facilities working to cut their use of toxic pesticides

Md. hospitals, care facilities working to cut their use of toxic pesticides

Johns Hopkins Hospital, the University of Maryland Medical Center and nearly a dozen other health care and retirement facilities are working to eliminate toxic pesticides from their pest control efforts, a move that environmental advocates say is the first like it in the country.

The Maryland Pesticide Network launched the effort in 2005 after conducting a survey of pest-control products and practices in state health care facilities statewide.

<snip>

Sunday, October 26, 2008

Perinatal dioxin exposure in The Netherlands – a long-term follow-up

Article Abstract

 

 
http://www.inderscience.com/search/index.php?action=record&rec_id=20934&prevQuery=&ps=10&m=or
 


Title: Perinatal dioxin exposure in The Netherlands – a long-term follow-up
 
 
  Author: Marike M. Leijs, Gavin W. Ten Tusscher, Kees Olie, William M.C. Van Aalderen, Tom Vulsma, Matthijs Westra, Johannes Oosting, Janna G. Koppe   Email author(s)
 
 
  Address: Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Centre, PO Box 22660, 1100DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands; IBED/ESPM, University of Amsterdam, Roeterstraat Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ' Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology, Westfriesgasthuis, Maelsonstraat 3, 1624 NP Hoorn, The Netherlands. ' IBED/ESPM, University of Amsterdam, Roeterstraat Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ' Department of Paediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Centre, PO Box 22660, 1100DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ' Department of Paediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Centre, PO Box 22660, 1100DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ' Zaans Medical Centre, Zaandam, Ziekehuis ''De Heel'', PO Box 210, 1500 EE Zaandam, The Netherlands. ' Ecobaby Foundation, Hollandstraat 6, 3634 AT Loenersloot, The Netherlands.' Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Centre, PO Box 22660, 1100 DD Amsterdam; The Netherlands' Ecobaby Foundation, Hollandstraat 6, 3634 AT Loenersloot, The Netherlands
 
 
  Journal: International Journal of Environment and Health 2008 - Vol. 2, No.3/4  pp. 429 - 438
 
 
  Abstract: In 1987, a cohort study was initiated in the Amsterdam/Zaandam region of The Netherlands to study possible effects of dioxins on development and growth in a population of breastfed children selected after an optimal pregnancy and delivery and birth weight above 2500 grams. Effects on thyroid hormone metabolism, liver, haematology and immunology, and retinol binding protein were found in neonates. Follow-up was performed at the age of 2½ years, 8–12 years and 13–18 years. Neonatally an increase in free thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone was found, indicating a change in set point. An enhanced psychomotor maturation was seen at the age of 2½ years. Negative effects on lung function and on brain development (studied with neurophysiological tests of visuo-motoric and cognitive performance) were demonstrated in the age of 8–12 years. In adolescence preliminary results show a delay of almost 1 year in breast development in girls in association with higher (above 40 ng International Toxic Equivalents dioxin) prenatal dioxin exposure and again a negative effect on innate immunity. The abnormalities found indicate an increased vulnerability for more stressful circumstances. New chemicals comparable to dioxins or contaminated with dioxins should not be allowed on the market, or if already there, must be banned.
 
 
  Keywords: perinatal dioxin exposure; follow-up study; prospective cohort study; breast development; thyroid hormone metabolism; brain development; immunotoxicity; lung function; environmental pollution; The Netherlands; breastfeeding; children; child health; liver; haematology; immunology; retinol binding protein.
 
 
  DOI: 10.1504/IJENVH.2008.020934

Designing and building healthy places for children

Article Abstract

 
http://www.inderscience.com/search/index.php?action=record&rec_id=20927&prevQuery=&ps=10&m=or
 


Title: Designing and building healthy places for children
 
 
  Author: Arthur M. Wendel, Andrew L. Dannenberg, Howard Frumkin   Email author(s)
 
 
  Address: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Preventive Medicine Residency, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. ' Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. ' Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
 
 
  Journal: International Journal of Environment and Health 2008 - Vol. 2, No.3/4  pp. 338 - 355
 
 
  Abstract: The design and construction of the built environment have broad implications for the health of children. Healthy places should protect children from injury, pollutants and disease, provide children with a place to be physically active, play and experience nature, and promote a sustainable future. Health promotion can occur at all scales of the built environment, including buildings, communities and global infrastructure. The disabled, poor and other disadvantaged groups may benefit from built environment improvements. These improvements require partnerships among urban planners, engineers, architects, developers, public health practitioners and communities.
 
 
  Keywords: built environment; children; public health; child health; health promotion; healthy places.
 
 
  DOI: 10.1504/IJENVH.2008.020927

The PRONET project: pollution reduction options network to enhance implementation of successful transport and indoor environment practices in Europe

Article Abstract

 
http://www.inderscience.com/search/index.php?action=record&rec_id=20923&prevQuery=&ps=10&m=or
 


Title: The PRONET project: pollution reduction options network to enhance implementation of successful transport and indoor environment practices in Europe
 
 
  Author: Peter Jan Van Den Hazel, Joris Van Loenhout, Pauline Slottje, Rob Jongeneel   Email author(s)
 
 
  Address: Hulpverlening Gelderland Midden (Public Health Services Gelderland Midden), PO Box 5364, 6802 EJ Arnhem, The Netherlands. ' Hulpverlening Gelderland Midden (Public Health Services Gelderland Midden), PO Box 5364, 6802 EJ Arnhem, The Netherlands. ' Centre for Environmental Health Research, National Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. ' Centre for Environmental Health Research, National Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
 
 
  Journal: International Journal of Environment and Health 2008 - Vol. 2, No.3/4  pp. 293 - 303
 
 
  Abstract: The aim of the Pollution Reduction Options Network (PRONET) project is to facilitate exchange and evaluation of interventions on environment and health exposure reduction measures on a regional level, and promote implementation of successful initiatives in other regions of Europe. This project will focus on the exchange of useful practices in two key areas in environmental health policy:(1) the reduction of transport-related health hazards (air pollution and noise) and (2) the improvement of the indoor environment by reducing indoor exposure to environmental health hazards. The collection of measures on reducing indoor exposure is done by means of a call for case studies among a large group of stakeholders in Europe and through literature search. The final results of PRONET include: (1) a platform to aid exchange of useful information and practical experience in improving indoor environment and transport and (2) a searchable database with good practice examples in reducing exposure to indoor environment pollutants and transport-related examples. The total of potentially relevant publications found was 636, of which 48% were related to biological agents, 25% to physical and 21% to chemical factors in the indoor environment.
 
 
  Keywords: public health; transport; Europe; indoor environment; environmental health policy; good practice; pollution reduction; air pollution; noise; environmental hazards; health hazards.
 
 
  DOI: 10.1504/IJENVH.2008.020923

Environmental threats to children's health – a global problem

Article Abstract  

 
http://www.inderscience.com/search/index.php?action=record&rec_id=20922&prevQuery=&ps=10&m=or  


Title: Environmental threats to children's health – a global problem
 
 
  Author: Maria Neira, Fiona Gore, Marie-Noel Brune, Tom Hudson, Jenny Pronczuk de Garbino   Email author(s)
 
 
  Address: Department of Public Health and Environment, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. ' Department of Public Health and Environment, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. ' Department of Public Health and Environment, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. ' Department of Public Health and Environment, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA. ' Department of Public Health and Environment, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
 
 
  Journal: International Journal of Environment and Health 2008 - Vol. 2, No.3/4  pp. 276 - 292
 
 
  Abstract: Today's children are exposed to a wide range of environmental threats, whose consequences on health and development may appear early in life, throughout their youth and even later, in adulthood. Health problems linked to environmental hazards are multiplying and becoming more visible due to a rapidly changing environment, rapid population growth, overcrowding, fast industrialisation and uncontrolled pollution from many anthropogenic and also natural sources, and as a result of the effects of climate change. A World Health Organization report on the global burden of disease estimated that nearly a quarter of the global disease burden is related to environmental causes. These environmental-mediated diseases cause more than three million deaths in children under five every year. Such a large burden is unacceptable. Both industrialised and developing countries should reinforce their capacities to assess the environmental burden of paediatric diseases and characterise their impact on children's health. This will enable all responsible sectors to distinguish the main environmental threats affecting children's health and identify their specific roles in improving children's environments. Implementing these activities and turning efforts into prevention, education, policy-making and other actions will reduce the burden of disease affecting children globally, therefore contributing towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
 
 
  Keywords: children; child health; environmental impact; disease burden; global; environmental hazards; paediatric diseases; health risks; health hazards.
 
 
  DOI: 10.1504/IJENVH.2008.020922

Saturday, October 25, 2008

Emerging contaminants in car interiors: evaluating the impact of airborne PBDEs and PBDD/Fs.

Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Sep 1;42(17):6431-6. Links

Emerging contaminants in car interiors: evaluating the impact of airborne PBDEs and PBDD/Fs.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18800511?dopt=AbstractPlus

Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, GR-71003 Heraklion, Greece.

Air samples from automobile cabins were collected and analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polybrominated dibenzofurans (PBDFs), and polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs). The concentration of total PBDEs (sigmaPBDE; sum of 19 congeners) varied from 0.4 to 2644 pg m(-3), with a median of 201 pg m(-3), while BDE 47, 99, and 209 collectively accounted for 70 +/- 30% of sigmaPBDE concentrations. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that sigmaPBDE concentration was significantly influenced by vehicle's age and interior temperature. More specifically, sigmaPBDE decreased over time and increased with the rise of temperature. The daily inhalation intake of PBDEs during commuting was estimated to range from 0.5 to 2909 pg day(-1) (median 221 pg day(-1)) and contributed 29% of the overall daily exposure to PBDEs via inhalation. When excluding BDE 209, a lower contribution was calculated for this source (18%), but this was still comparable with residential exposure (22%). The levels of PBDD/Fs were generally below the limits of detection and only in one case were hepta-BDFs positively detected at a concentration of 61 pg m(-3). This study demonstrates that car interiors, especially when new, contain high levels of airborne PBDEs and represent a potential route of human exposure via inhalation.

PMID: 18800511 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Habituation and sensitization to heat and cold pain in women with fibromyalgia and healthy controls.

Pain. 2008 Oct 21. [Epub ahead of print]Click here to read

Habituation and sensitization to heat and cold pain in women with fibromyalgia and healthy controls.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18947923?dopt=AbstractPlus

Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2220, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.

The purpose of this study was to examine differences in habituation to heat and cold pain in women with fibromyalgia (FM; n=33) and in women who were healthy controls (HC; n=44). Quantitative sensory testing (QST) was used to assess pain thresholds during five consecutive trials of ascending heat and descending cold stimulation. Anxiety, depression, fatigue, and pain during the previous week were assessed using self-report measures. The overall hypotheses were that there would be differences between groups in pain thresholds and in the rate of habituation to heat and cold pain stimuli. Multilevel modeling was used to test the hypotheses. There were large overall differences in pain thresholds, with the FM group showing greater sensitivity to heat and cold pain stimuli compared with the HC group. While habituation occurred in both of the groups for heat pain, the HC group had stronger habituation across trials than the FM group. Conversely, while the HC group habituated to cold pain stimuli, the FM group showed sensitization and had decreased cold pain thresholds across trials (they felt cold pain at higher temperatures). In addition, anxiety, depression, fatigue, and pain were related to decreased heat and cold pain thresholds in the overall sample. However, when group was controlled, none of these variables were related to thresholds or rates of habituation or sensitization. The differences between women with FM and healthy women in habituation and sensitization may have important implications for the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of FM and other chronic pain conditions.

PMID: 18947923 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Clinical Correlate of Brain SPECT Perfusion Abnormalities in Fibromyalgia.

J Nucl Med. 2008 Oct 16. [Epub ahead of print] Links

Clinical Correlate of Brain SPECT Perfusion Abnormalities in Fibromyalgia.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/18927329

Service Central de Biophysique et de Médecine Nucléaire, AP-HM Timone, Marseille, France.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the specific clinical correlate of brain SPECT perfusion abnormalities reported in fibromyalgia. METHODS: We performed a whole-brain voxel-based correlation analysis involving regional cerebral blood flow and various parameters related to pain (Visual Analog Scale, Tubingen Pain Behavior Scale, and Questionnaire Douleur de Saint-Antoine Scale), disability (Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire [FIQ]), and anxiety and depression status (Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale) in 20 patients with fibromyalgia (P voxel < 0.005). Ten healthy control women were also included, in order to determine areas of significant hypo- and hyperperfusions in patients. RESULTS: FIQ total score was positively correlated with bilateral parietal perfusion, including postcentral cortex. These clusters of correlation were included in the areas of significant hyperperfusion. FIQ total score was also negatively correlated with perfusion of a left anterior temporal cluster, included in the areas of significant hypoperfusions. No other clinical correlation was observed with regional cerebral blood flow. CONCLUSION: These results show that brain perfusion abnormalities in patients with fibromyalgia are correlated with the clinical severity of the disease.

PMID: 18927329 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Thursday, October 23, 2008

Benefits of Reducing Prenatal Exposure to Coal-Burning Pollutants to Children's Neurodevelopment in China.

Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Oct;116(10):1396-400. Epub 2008 Jul 14.

Benefits of Reducing Prenatal Exposure to Coal-Burning Pollutants to Children's Neurodevelopment in China.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18941584?dopt=AbstractPlus

Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

BACKGROUND: Coal burning provides 70% of the energy for China's industry and power, but releases large quantities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other pollutants. PAHs are reproductive and developmental toxicants, mutagens, and carcinogens. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the benefit to neurobehavioral development from the closure of a coal-fired power plant that was the major local source of ambient PAHs. METHODS: The research was conducted in Tongliang, Chongqing, China, where a coal-fired power plant operated seasonally before it was shut down in May 2004. Two identical prospective cohort studies enrolled nonsmoking women and their newborns in 2002 (before shutdown) and 2005 (after shutdown). Prenatal PAH exposure was measured by PAH-DNA adducts (benzo[a]pyrene-DNA) in umbilical cord blood. Child development was assessed by the Gesell Developmental Schedules at 2 years of age. Prenatal exposure to other neurotoxicants and potential confounders (including lead, mercury, and environmental tobacco smoke) was measured. We compared the cohorts regarding the association between PAH-DNA adduct levels and neurodevelopmental outcomes. RESULTS: Significant associations previously seen in 2002 between elevated adducts and decreased motor area developmental quotient (DQ) (p = 0.043) and average DQ (p = 0.047) were not observed in the 2005 cohort (p = 0.546 and p = 0.146). However, the direction of the relationship did not change. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that neurobehavioral development in Tongliang children benefited by elimination of PAH exposure from the coal-burning plant, consistent with the significant reduction in PAH-DNA adducts in cord blood of children in the 2005 cohort. The results have implications for children's environmental health in China and elsewhere.

PMID: 18941584 [PubMed - in process]

Pesticide loadings of select organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in urban public housing.

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2008 Mar;18(2):167-74. Epub 2007 May 9. Links

Pesticide loadings of select organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in urban public housing.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17495869?dopt=AbstractPlus

Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. julien.rhona@epa.gov

We investigated the magnitude and distribution of pyrethroid and organophosphate pesticide loadings within public housing dwellings in Boston, Massachusetts and compared the results using various sampling methods. We collected dust matrices from living room and kitchen in 42 apartments and analyzed for eleven pyrethoids (e.g., permethrin and cyfluthrin) and two organophosphates (chlorpyrifos and diazinon) in house dust using GC/MS. Agreement between sampling methods were evaluated using Spearman correlations and Kappa statistics. Permethrin and chlorpyrifos were detected in kitchen floor wipes in all homes, followed in frequency of detects by diazinon (98%), cypermethrin (90%) and cyfluthrin (71%). At least six pesticides were detected in kitchen floor wipes in the majority of the homes (range 3-8). Positive and statistically significant correlations among dust matrices were observed between kitchen floor wipes and living room vacuum dust, including for diazinon (r=0.62) and cyfluthrin (r=0.69). Detection of several pesticides including banned or restricted use products in some public housing units, underscore the need for alternative pest management strategies that embrace the safe and judicious use of pest control products.

PMID: 17495869 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Wednesday, October 22, 2008

[Physical trauma and fibromyalgia--is there a true association?]

Harefuah. 2008 Aug-Sep;147(8-9):712-6, 749.

[Physical trauma and fibromyalgia--is there a true association?]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18935761?dopt=AbstractPlus

[Article in Hebrew]

Department of Internal Medicine D and Rheumatology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheba. ssukenik@bgu.ac.il

A total of 25-50% of fibromyalgia patients (FM) report the occurrence of physical trauma that preceded the onset of their symptoms by several weeks to several months. Yet, there is still no agreement among experts as to whether physical trauma can cause FM. The severity of the injury varies, but is usually milder than that seen in patients with post-traumatic stress syndrome. Road accidents, and, in particular, whiplash injuries, or accumulated injury inherent in some occupations have been described as causes of fibromyalgia. The only two prospective studies that assessed the incidence of fibromyalgia syndrome following accidents, such as whiplash injuries, were conducted by Israeli researchers and they reported opposite results. Possible mechanisms for the development of the syndrome following trauma have not been elucidated sufficiently to date. Stressful conditions are also known to contribute to the appearance of the syndrome. In most likelihood, there is no significant difference between idiopathic fibromyalgia and post traumatic fibromyalgia in terms of clinical course, symptom severity and prognosis, although some investigators have reported a worse prognosis in post-traumatic cases. In Israel, there is an increase in the number of suits filed against private insurance companies and the National Insurance system for post-traumatic fibromyalgia. According to the literature, it is probable that the number of cases that involve malingering or secondary gain is low. The ongoing controversy among medical experts as to whether there is an association between FS and physical trauma has made it very difficult, in the absence of guidelines and objective tools, for the legal and administrative systems to deal with this difficult issue.

PMID: 18935761 [PubMed - in process]

Potential developmental neurotoxicity of pesticides used in Europe

Potential developmental neurotoxicity of pesticides used in Europe

Marina Bjorling-Poulsen email, Helle Raun Andersen email and Philippe Grandjean email

Environmental Health 2008, 7:50doi:10.1186/1476-069X-7-50

Published: 22 October 2008

Abstract (provisional)

Pesticides used in agriculture are designed to protect crops against unwanted species, such as weeds, insects, and fungus. Many compounds target the nervous system of insect pests. Because of the similarity in brain biochemistry, such pesticides may also be neurotoxic to humans. Concerns have been raised that the developing brain may be particularly vulnerable to adverse effects of neurotoxic pesticides. Current requirements for safety testing do not include developmental neurotoxicity. We therefore undertook a systematic evaluation of published evidence on neurotoxicity of pesticides in current use, with specific emphasis on risks during early development. Most epidemiologic confirmation deals with mixed exposures to pesticides. Laboratory experimental studies using model compounds suggest that many pesticides currently used in Europe - including organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, ethylenebisdithiocarbamates, and chlorophenoxy herbicides - can cause neurodevelopmental toxicity. Adverse effects on brain development can be severe and irreversible. Prevention should therefore be a public health priority. The occurrence of residues in food and other types of human exposures should be prevented with regard to the pesticide groups that are known to be neurotoxic. For other substances, given their widespread use and the unique vulnerability of the developing brain, the general lack of data on developmental neurotoxicity calls for investment in targeted research. While awaiting more definite evidence, existing uncertainties should be evaluated in regard to the need for precautionary action to protect brain development.

The complete article is available as a provisional PDF. The fully formatted PDF and HTML versions are in production.

 

Living with a chemical sensitivity

Posted By Dan Schell
 
Peter Haynes has been living in a tent since mid September. But, as the air chills, Haynes can still feel safe in the only place he has ever felt safe; open air.

When Haynes arrived at his local apartment he found that the lawn had been sprayed with pesticide. Lawn sprays are something that most human bodies have learned to adapt to, but not Hayne's.

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VIDEO: The Lady in the Steel Bubble

VIDEO:  The Lady in the Steel Bubble (Elizabeth Fuedale-Bowes)

Monday, October 20, 2008

Behavioral, Morphological, and Biochemical Changes after In Ovo Exposure to Methylmercury in Chicks

Behavioral, Morphological, and Biochemical Changes after In Ovo Exposure to Methylmercury in Chicks

 
Márcia C. Carvalho*,{dagger}, Evelise M. Nazari*, Marcelo Farina{ddagger},1 and Yara M. R. Muller*,1,2

ToxSci Advance Access originally published online on August 6, 2008
Toxicological Sciences 2008 106(1):180-185; doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfn158


   Abstract

Methylmercury (MeHg) is an environmental pollutant known to induce neurotoxicity in several animal species, including humans. However, studies focusing the effects of MeHg poisoning in chicks were based on phenomenological approaches and did not delve into the molecular mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the postnatal consequences of the in ovo exposure to MeHg on behavioral, morphological and biochemical parameters in chicks. At the fifth embryonic day (E5), Gallus domesticus eggs were submitted to a single injection of 0.1 µg MeHg/0.05 ml saline. After treatment, the eggs returned to the incubator until hatching (E21). From first to fifth postnatal days (PN 1–PN 5), the MeHg-treated chicks showed lower frequency of exploratory movements and a significantly higher frequency of wing and anomalous movements. Cerebellar glutathione (GSH) levels and the activities of the GSH-related enzymes GSH reductase and GSH peroxidase were significantly higher (70, 72, and 80%, respectively) in MeHg exposed chicks in comparison to controls. Mercury impregnation was densest in the granular layer, followed by the Purkinje and molecular layers of treated chicks. A significant reduction of the number of Purkinje cells, as well as a greater distance between these cells were observed in chicks of MeHg group. Our results disclose that the prehatching exposure to MeHg induced motor impairments, which were correlated to histological damage and alterations on the cerebellar GSH system's development from PN 1 to PN 5.

Key Words: methylmercury; Gallus domesticus; embryo; behavior; glutathione; cerebellar cortex.

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